SAP-C02 - Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions (25% of the exam) - Section 3.5

Identify cost optimisation opportunities in running workloads by analysing AWS Cost and Usage Reports, eliminating unused resources and setting billing alarms and tagging.

Identify cost reduction opportunities in running workloads by analysing the AWS Cost and Usage Report and reviewing AWS Trusted Advisor checks for idle and underused resources. Configure billing alarms and enforce cost allocation tags to maintain ongoing visibility and prevent undetected spend growth.

AWS Cost and Usage ReportAWS Trusted AdvisorBilling alarmsCost allocation tags

Practice question for this objective

Free sampleContinuous Improvement for Existing Solutionsmedium

A logistics company has been on AWS for several years and suspects its account contains resources that are provisioned but no longer doing useful work, such as unattached Elastic IP addresses, idle load balancers, low-utilisation EC2 instances and unassociated EBS volumes. Leadership wants a recurring, low-effort way to surface these specific kinds of waste so the team can decommission them, and they would prefer a managed feature over building bespoke utilisation queries. Which AWS capability is the BEST fit for routinely identifying this unused and idle infrastructure?

  • AQuery the AWS Cost and Usage Report in Amazon Athena to list every resource whose hourly cost is greater than zero, treating the appearance of any charge as the signal that the resource is unused and should be removed.
  • BEnable AWS Config with managed rules for each resource type and write custom remediation that infers idleness purely from whether a configuration item has changed during the most recent thirty-day evaluation window.
  • CReview the AWS Trusted Advisor cost optimisation checks, which flag unassociated Elastic IPs, idle load balancers, underutilised EC2 instances and unattached EBS volumes for the team to act on each cycle. Correct
  • DSet a billing alarm in Amazon CloudWatch on the EstimatedCharges metric and treat any month where total estimated charges rise above the previous month as confirmation that idle resources have accumulated in the account.
Use Trusted Advisor cost optimisation checks to routinely surface idle and underutilised resources rather than custom cost queries. Trusted Advisor ships managed cost optimisation checks that specifically identify unassociated Elastic IP addresses, idle load balancers, low-utilisation EC2 instances and unattached EBS volumes, which are precisely the categories of waste described. Because it is a managed feature that re-evaluates on a schedule, it surfaces this list with minimal effort. Cost and Usage Report queries by charge, Config configuration drift and a total-spend billing alarm cannot pinpoint individual idle resources the way these checks do.

Why A is wrong: A nonzero charge proves a resource exists and costs money, not that it is idle, so this query would flag every active resource in the account and gives no signal about which ones are genuinely unused or underutilised.

Why B is wrong: AWS Config tracks configuration state and compliance, not utilisation, and a resource can be fully in use yet have an unchanged configuration, so config drift is a poor proxy for idleness and this approach is far more custom effort than required.

Why C is correct: Trusted Advisor's cost optimisation category includes managed checks for exactly these idle and underused resource types, so it routinely surfaces the specific waste leadership described as a managed feature, with no bespoke utilisation queries to build or maintain.

Why D is wrong: The EstimatedCharges billing alarm tracks total spend and cannot point to individual idle Elastic IPs, volumes or load balancers, so a rising bill might equally reflect legitimate growth and tells the team nothing about which resources to decommission.

See more SAP-C02 practice questions, answers explained.

Exam traps in Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions

Answers that look right on this material and are not. Each one is a distractor from a different question in the SAP-C02 bank for this domain.

  • Build a custom report by exporting CloudTrail management events to Amazon S3 and querying them with Amazon Athena to attribute each resource's spend to its Application and CostCentre tag values for finance.

    Why it is wrong: CloudTrail records API activity, not cost, so it carries no billing amounts to attribute to tags, and building a pricing join in Athena from API logs is heavy custom work that the native cost allocation tag feature already provides for free.

  • Rely on Cost Explorer's hourly and resource-level granularity, filtering by usage type and linked account to drill down to the individual resource driving the data-transfer charges.

    Why it is wrong: Cost Explorer offers resource-level data only for limited dimensions and a short window, and it cannot run arbitrary SQL joins across raw line items, so it falls short of the stated need.

  • Apply AWS Organizations service control policies that deny resource creation unless the Environment and Team tags are present, then read the tags directly in Cost Explorer without any further billing configuration.

    Why it is wrong: SCPs can require tags on creation but do not standardise allowed values, and tags do not appear as Cost Explorer dimensions until they are activated as cost-allocation tags, so reporting still fails.

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