KCNA domain - 16% of the exam

Cloud Native Application Delivery

Cloud Native Application Delivery is 16% of the Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate (KCNA) exam. These are the objectives it covers, each with practice questions, with every answer explained.

Objectives in this domain

Sample question from this domain

Free sampleCloud Native Application Deliverymedium

A platform team wants to adopt GitOps for cluster configuration. Which statement best captures the defining principle that distinguishes GitOps from other delivery approaches?

  • AA Git repository holds the declared desired state, and an in-cluster agent continuously reconciles the running state to match what is committed. Correct
  • BA CI server holds the authoritative configuration and issues kubectl apply commands to the cluster whenever a build succeeds.
  • CDevelopers connect to the cluster with kubectl and make live changes directly, then export the result back into a Git repository as a backup.
  • DContainer images are signed and stored in a registry, and the cluster pulls the newest image tag on a fixed schedule regardless of any repository.
Understand that GitOps means a Git-declared desired state continuously reconciled into the cluster by an agent. GitOps rests on two pillars: a declarative desired state versioned in Git, and a reconciliation loop running in or against the cluster that continuously drives actual state to match the committed state, making Git the single source of truth.

Why A is correct: This is correct because GitOps uses a versioned declarative source of truth in Git and a reconciliation agent that continuously converges actual cluster state towards the committed desired state.

Why B is wrong: This is tempting because CI pipelines do deploy to clusters, but it describes a push model where an external system imperatively applies changes rather than a Git repository being the declarative source of truth that the cluster reconciles against.

Why C is wrong: This inverts the flow and is tempting because it involves Git, but here Git is a passive backup rather than the authoritative source, so live manual edits are the real source of truth, which GitOps forbids.

Why D is wrong: This is tempting because it uses the word pull, but it describes image polling, not reconciliation of declared manifests from Git, and it ignores the declarative desired-state repository entirely.

Other domains in this exam

See also the KCNA cert hub, the study guide, and the cheat sheet.

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