N10-009 - Network Troubleshooting - Section 5.2

Troubleshoot common cable connectivity issues and explain the use of the appropriate diagnostic tools and physical-layer indicators.

Diagnose physical-layer faults: attenuation, crosstalk, EMI, incorrect pinout (straight-through versus crossover), open/short pairs, and transceiver or duplex/speed mismatches. Select the right physical tool - cable tester, toner probe, OTDR, or loopback adapter - and read interface counters such as CRC errors and runts to localise the failing segment.

Cable faultsCrosstalk and attenuationDuplex/speed mismatchCable tester and toner

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