SC-300 - Implement Authentication and Access Management - Section 2.3

Plan and implement Microsoft Entra Conditional Access policy assignments and controls.

Design Conditional Access policies by combining assignment conditions - users, cloud apps, locations, devices - with grant and session controls. Use report-only mode to assess policy impact before enforcement and apply authentication context to require step-up verification for sensitive actions.

Conditional Access policy assignmentsgrant and session controlspolicy templatesauthentication contextreport-only mode

Practice question for this objective

Free sampleImplement Authentication and Access Managementhard

An identity team is preparing a tenant-wide Conditional Access policy that will require phishing-resistant multifactor authentication for every user signing in to all cloud apps. The tenant keeps two cloud-only emergency access accounts that must never be locked out by the policy, and the team must confirm the policy's real-world impact before any user is actually challenged. Which TWO configuration steps should the team apply before enforcing the policy? Select TWO.

  • AAdd the two emergency access accounts to the Users assignment exclusion so the grant control is never evaluated against those break-glass accounts. Correct
  • BSet the policy state to report-only so sign-in logs record how the policy would evaluate for each sign-in without enforcing the grant control on users. Correct
  • CEnable security defaults alongside the policy so the tenant gains a baseline multifactor requirement while the new Conditional Access policy is validated.
  • DAdd a trusted named location to the policy conditions so sign-ins from the corporate network bypass the phishing-resistant requirement during validation.
Safe Conditional Access rollout excludes break-glass accounts in the Users assignment and uses report-only mode to measure impact before enforcement. Excluding the cloud-only emergency access accounts in the Users assignment ensures a faulty grant control can never block tenant recovery, and report-only mode evaluates the policy and logs the would-be outcome per sign-in without challenging users, so impact is measured first. Security defaults conflict with custom Conditional Access policies and offer no exclusions or reporting, and a trusted named location merely scopes the grant rather than safeguarding accounts or capturing impact.

Why A is correct: Excluding the emergency accounts in the Users assignment keeps them outside the grant control, so a misconfigured phishing-resistant requirement can never lock the tenant out of recovery.

Why B is correct: Report-only mode evaluates the policy and writes the would-be result to the sign-in logs while granting access normally, letting the team measure impact before turning enforcement on.

Why C is wrong: Security defaults cannot run while custom Conditional Access policies are enabled, and they offer no exclusions or report-only evaluation, so they neither protect break-glass accounts nor measure impact.

Why D is wrong: A trusted named location only changes which sign-ins the grant applies to and does nothing to protect emergency accounts or to capture the policy's impact before enforcement.

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