Operating systems, security, software troubleshooting, and operational procedures for the second exam of the CompTIA A+ certification, with a worked explanation on every practice question.
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lock_openFree sampleOperating Systemsmedium
Priya needs to move several 6 GB video files back and forth on a single USB flash drive that must be readable and writable on both Windows 11 and macOS without installing extra software. Which file system should she format the drive with?
- AexFAT, because it supports files well above 4 GB and is natively read/write on both Windows and macOScheck_circle Correct
- BFAT32, because it is the most widely supported removable-media format across desktop operating systems
- CNTFS, because it journals writes and both operating systems fully support reading and writing it
- Dext4, because it is a modern journaling file system that stores large media files reliably
Select exFAT for removable media that must carry files larger than 4 GB with native read/write access on both Windows and macOS. The two hard constraints are files over 4 GB and native read/write on Windows and macOS. FAT32 fails the size limit, NTFS is read-only on macOS by default, and ext4 is not natively mounted by either, so exFAT is the only format that satisfies all of them.
Why A is correct: exFAT was designed for flash media, removes the 4 GB per-file limit, and is natively read/write on modern Windows and macOS, meeting every constraint.
Why B is wrong: FAT32 is broadly compatible, which makes it tempting, but it caps individual files at 4 GB, so a 6 GB video will not fit.
Why C is wrong: NTFS handles large files, but macOS mounts NTFS volumes read-only by default, so Priya could not write to the drive without third-party drivers.
Why D is wrong: ext4 is a capable Linux file system, but neither Windows nor macOS mounts it natively, so it fails the cross-platform requirement.
lock_openFree sampleOperating Systemsmedium
A small firm still runs a line-of-business workstation on an operating system that has reached end-of-life, so the vendor no longer ships security patches. The machine must stay connected to the internet for daily work. What is the BEST long-term action for the technician to recommend?
- AInstall a reputable third-party antivirus suite so the workstation is protected despite the missing vendor patches
- BUpgrade or replace the workstation with a currently supported operating system that continues to receive security updatescheck_circle Correct
- CDisconnect the workstation from the network and move the work to another machine whenever internet access is needed
- DEnable the built-in firewall and restrict inbound ports to reduce the machine's exposed attack surface
An end-of-life operating system stops receiving security updates, so migrating to a supported OS is the only durable fix for the exposure. End-of-life means the vendor issues no further patches, so newly discovered vulnerabilities are never closed. Antivirus, firewalls, and isolation are stopgaps that mitigate but do not remediate; only moving to a supported OS restores a live security-update stream, which is why it is the best long-term recommendation.
Why A is wrong: Antivirus adds a layer of defence and feels sufficient, but it cannot patch unfixed OS vulnerabilities, so the underlying exposure remains.
Why B is correct: An end-of-life OS receives no further security fixes, so migrating to a supported OS is the only action that restores an ongoing patch stream and removes the root risk.
Why C is wrong: Isolation reduces risk, but the stem states the machine must stay online for daily work, so permanent disconnection does not fit the requirement.
Why D is wrong: Tightening the firewall is sound hardening, but it only limits exposure and still leaves unpatched vulnerabilities that an attacker can reach through allowed traffic.
lock_openFree sampleOperating Systemsmedium
Marcus is speccing Windows 11 for a new employee whose laptop must join the company Active Directory domain and have its system drive encrypted with BitLocker. Which edition should he deploy to meet both requirements without add-ons?
- AWindows 11 Home, which covers everyday business tasks and can be joined to the domain after enabling it
- BWindows 11 Home with a Microsoft account, which provides device encryption equivalent to full BitLocker
- CWindows 11 Pro, which supports Active Directory domain join and includes BitLocker drive encryptioncheck_circle Correct
- DWindows 11 in S mode, which is hardened for security and therefore well suited to domain-joined laptops
Windows Pro and higher are required for Active Directory domain join and BitLocker, features the Home edition does not provide. Active Directory domain join and full BitLocker are business features that Microsoft gates behind the Pro edition and above. Home editions cannot join a domain and lack manageable BitLocker, so Pro is the lowest edition that meets both requirements natively.
Why A is wrong: Home looks adequate for general work, but it cannot join an Active Directory domain and lacks BitLocker, so it fails both stated needs.
Why B is wrong: Home offers a limited device-encryption feature that tempts as a substitute, but it is not manageable BitLocker and Home still cannot join a domain.
Why C is correct: Pro is the entry edition that includes both domain join and BitLocker, so it satisfies both requirements out of the box without any add-on.
Why D is wrong: S mode sounds security-focused, but it only runs Store apps and does not add domain join, so it does not meet the requirement.
Frequently asked questions
- How many questions are on the 220-1102 exam?
- The CompTIA A+ Core 2 (220-1102) exam has Maximum of 90 questions questions and runs for 90 minutes. The format is multiple choice and performance-based, at pearson vue testing center or online proctored.
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- The pass mark is 700 / 900. Examworthy gives you a per-domain readiness score so you can see which domains are holding you back before you book.
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